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Inhibitory effect of Z ingiber cassumunar extracts on lipopolysaccharide‐induced cyclooxygenase‐2 and matrix metalloproteinase expression in human gingival fibroblasts
Author(s) -
Koontongkaew S.,
Meesuk L.,
Aupaphong V.,
Ayudhaya T. Dechatiwongse Na,
Poachanukoon O.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12033
Subject(s) - western blot , matrix metalloproteinase , blot , microbiology and biotechnology , p38 mitogen activated protein kinases , cyclooxygenase , mapk/erk pathway , zymography , chemistry , messenger rna , phosphorylation , proinflammatory cytokine , inflammation , biology , enzyme , biochemistry , immunology , gene
Background and Objective Lipopolysaccharides ( LPS ) induce the production of proinflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and matrix metalloproteinases ( MMP s) in human gingival fibroblasts ( HGF s). Zingiber cassumunar is a medicinal plant that possesses anti‐inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the Z. cassumunar extract on the expression of cyclooxygenase ( COX )‐1, COX ‐2 and MMP ‐2 in HGF s challenged with LPS . Material and Methods HGFs were treated with LPS in the presence or absence of Z. cassumunar extracts. The levels of expression of COX‐1 , COX‐2 and MMP‐2 mRNA s and of COX‐1, COX‐2 and MMP‐2 proteins were detected by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. MMP‐2 activities in cell‐culture supernatants were determined using gelatin zymography. MAPK activation was evaluated by western blotting. Results LPS treatment of HGF s resulted in the activation of ERK 1/2, p38 and JNK . Z. cassumunar extracts significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and JNK in HGF s stimulated with LPS . A lesser inhibitory effect was observed for the phosphorylation of p38. RT‐PCR and western blot analyses showed that Z. cassumunar extracts inhibited the LPS‐induced expression of COX‐ 2 mRNA and COX‐2 protein, respectively, but not of COX ‐ 1 mRNA or COX‐1 protein. Pretreatment of HGF s with Z. cassumunar also attenuated the induction of MMP ‐2 with LPS . Conclusion Our results indicate that Z. cassumunar extracts inhibit COX ‐2 and MMP ‐2 production by LPS ‐activated human gingival fibroblasts through blocking the proinflammatory signaling pathway involving ERK 1/2, JNK and p38.