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Effects of brefeldin A on the endomembrane system and germ tube formation of the tetraspore of G elidium floridanum ( R hodophyta, F lorideophyceae)
Author(s) -
Simioni Carmen,
Rover Ticiane,
Schmidt Éder C.,
L. Felix Marthiellen R.,
Polo Luz Karime,
Santos Rodrigo dos,
Costa Giulia Burle,
Kreusch Marianne,
Pereira Debora T.,
Ouriques Luciane C.,
Bouzon Zenilda L.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of phycology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.85
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1529-8817
pISSN - 0022-3646
DOI - 10.1111/jpy.12187
Subject(s) - germ tube , biology , endomembrane system , fluorescence recovery after photobleaching , brefeldin a , secretion , cytoplasm , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , vesicle , gametogenesis , germination , botany , biochemistry , golgi apparatus , endoplasmic reticulum , embryo , membrane , cryopreservation
G elidium floridanum W.R. Taylor tetraspores are units of dispersal and are responsible for substrate attachment. This study aimed to examine evidence of direct interaction between germ tube formation and G olgi activity during tetraspore germination of G . floridanum . After release, the tetraspores were incubated with brefeldin A ( BFA ) in concentrations of 4 and 8 μM over a 6 h period. The controls and treatments were analyzed with light, fluorescence ( FM 4‐64 dye) and transmission electron microscopy. In the control samples, the G olgi bodies were responsible for germ tube formation. In contrast, BFA ‐treated samples were observed to inhibit spore adhesion and germ tube formation. These tetraspores also showed an increase in volume (≥30 μm width). BFA treatment also resulted in the disassembly of G olgi cisternae and the formation of vesiculated areas of the cytoplasm, blocking the secretion of protein and amorphous matrix polysaccharides. When stained with FM 4‐64, the control samples showed fluorescence in the apical region of the germ tube, but the treated samples showed an intense fluorescence throughout the cytoplasm. From these results, we can conclude that the germ tube is formed by the incorporation of vesicles derived from G olgi. Thus, vesicle secretion and G olgi organization are basic processes and essential in adhesion and tube formation. By blocking the secretion of protein and amorphous matrix polysaccharides, BFA treatment precluded tetraspore germination.