Open AccessEmergence of response‐response relations
Author(s) -
Kuwahara Masanobu,
Matsumoto Akio,
Okouchi Hiroto,
Ono Koichi
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
japanese psychological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.392
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 1468-5884
pISSN - 0021-5368
DOI - 10.1111/jpr.12031
Subject(s) - psychology , stimulus (psychology) , reinforcement , audiology , conditioned response , developmental psychology , communication , social psychology , conditioning , cognitive psychology , medicine , mathematics , classical conditioning , statistics
The present study examined whether bidirectional response‐response relations could be established without direct reinforcement. In AB training for 12 undergraduates, higher rates of touches to a white circle on the monitor screen ( A1 ) produced two stimuli ( B1 and B2 ) on half of the trials, whereas lower rates ( A2 ) produced the same effect on the other half. Choosing one of the two stimuli was reinforced according to the preceding responding ( A1B1 and A2B2 ). In BC training, touching a stimulus ( B1 or B2 ) produced three white circles lined up horizontally on the screen, after which one of two different response sequences to the circles (left‐center‐right, C1 or C2 , and right‐center‐left, C2 or C1 ) were reinforced, depending on the stimulus presented ( B1C1 and B2C2 ). After AB and BC relations were established, 11 of 12 participants showed the emergence of untrained relations ( BA , CB , AC , and CA ) throughout five test sessions, and the remaining participant showed it in the first four test sessions. These response‐response relations were replicated with five other undergraduates and different trained relations.