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Dietary guanidinoacetic acid improves the growth performance and skeletal muscle development of finishing pigs through changing myogenic gene expression and myofibre characteristics
Author(s) -
Lu Yafei,
Zou Tiande,
Wang Zirui,
Yang Jin,
Li Lanhai,
Guo Xiaobo,
He Qin,
Chen Liling,
You Jinming
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.651
H-Index - 56
eISSN - 1439-0396
pISSN - 0931-2439
DOI - 10.1111/jpn.13351
Subject(s) - myod , myf5 , loin , myostatin , myosin , biceps , biology , zoology , longissimus dorsi , skeletal muscle , endocrinology , carnitine , medicine , creatine , biochemistry , anatomy , myogenesis
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary guanidine acetic acid (GAA) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits and the expression of muscle growth‐related genes in finishing pigs. A total of 128 ( 81.03 ± 1.09 kg body weight) crossbred pigs (Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire) were blocked by body weight and allotted to 16 pens (eight pigs per pen), and pens were randomly assigned within blocks to one of five dietary treatments, with a basal diet (control group) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.03%, 0.06% and 0.09% GAA respectively. During the 60‐day trial, GAA increased the average dairy gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) ( p < .05). The back fat thickness of pigs fed 0.06% GAA was lower than other groups ( p < .05). Pigs fed 0.06% GAA had improved lean meat percentage, loin muscle area, shear force and cross‐sectional area of muscle fibre in comparison with control group ( p < .05). The drop loss and the muscle fibre density in pigs fed 0.06% GAA were lower than control ( p < .05). In addition, dietary GAA enhanced the expression of myosin heavy chain gene (MYH4), myogenic determination (Myod) and myogenic factor 5 (Myf5) in longissimus dorsi and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1(CPT‐1) in liver ( p < .05). Meanwhile, GAA decreased the expression of Myostatin in longissimus dorsi and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in liver ( p < .05). In conclusion, our results showed that appropriate dietary GAA supplementation (0.06%) promotes skeletal muscle development through changing myogenic gene expression and myofibre characteristics.