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Interaction between the three frequently co‐occurring Fusarium mycotoxins in rats
Author(s) -
SzabóFodor Judit,
Szabó András,
Kócsó Dániel,
Marosi Kinga,
Bóta Brigitta,
Kachlek Mariam,
Mézes Miklós,
Balogh Krisztián,
Kövér György,
Nagy István,
Glávits Róbert,
Kovács Melinda
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.651
H-Index - 56
eISSN - 1439-0396
pISSN - 0931-2439
DOI - 10.1111/jpn.13013
Subject(s) - mycotoxin , fusarium , zearalenone , vomitoxin , food science , biology , toxicology , chemistry , botany
To test the complex, acute biochemical effects of combined, naturally co‐occurring fusariotoxins, a 5‐day rat study was performed. Mycotoxin treatment was invented by intraperitoneal injection: FB 1 (F): 9 µg/animal/day (approx. 30 µg/kg bw/day), DON (D): 16.5 µg/animal/day (approx. 55 µg/kg bw/day) and ZEN (Z): 12.75 µg/animal/day (approx. 42.5 µg/kg bw/day). The binary groups (FB 1 and DON [FD], FB 1 and ZEN [FZ] and DON and ZEN [DZ]) as well as the ternary (FB 1 , DON and ZEN [FDZ]) group were dosed at the same combined level as the individual mycotoxins. Body weight, feed intake and mortality were not affected by any of the treatments. FB 1 and DON in combination (FD) increased the plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity synergistically (compared to the individual FB 1 and DON). In the liver, both the total glutathione (GSH) and the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were increased ( p < 0.05) by the binary FB 1 and ZEN (FZ) and the DON and ZEN (DZ) groups as well as the ternary FB 1 , DON and ZEA group (FDZ) compared to the control. The GSH level of the ternary group was significantly increased compared to the FB 1 group, whereas the GPx activity of the ternary group was significantly increased compared to all three the individual mycotoxin groups. The Bliss independence method revealed synergism between DON and ZEN (DZ), as well as FB 1 and DON (FD) on liver GPx activity. None of the toxins alone or in combination exerted strong genotoxicity on lymphocytes, neither on the gross histopathological characteristics. However, even at these low levels acute exposure of more than one of these mycotoxins (FB 1 , DON and ZEN) affected metabolic and detoxification changes.