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Exogenous melatonin decreases circadian misalignment and body weight among early types
Author(s) -
Marqueze Elaine C.,
Nogueira Luciana F. R.,
Vetter Céline,
Skene Debra J.,
CipollaNeto José,
Moreno Claudia R. C.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1111/jpi.12750
Subject(s) - melatonin , chronotype , circadian rhythm , shift work , actigraphy , endocrinology , medicine , placebo , context (archaeology) , crossover study , psychology , biology , psychiatry , paleontology , alternative medicine , pathology
Abstract Shift workers experience chronic circadian misalignment, which can manifest itself in reduced melatonin production, and has been associated with metabolic disorders. In addition, chronotype modulates the effect of night shift work, with early types presenting greater circadian misalignment when working night shift as compared to late types. Melatonin supplementation has shown positive results reducing weight gain in animal models, but the effect of exogenous melatonin in humans on body weight in the context of shift work remains inconsistent. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the effects of exogenous melatonin on circadian misalignment and body weight among overweight night shift workers, according to chronotype, under real‐life conditions. We conducted a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial where melatonin (3 mg) or placebo was administered on non‐night shift nights for 12 weeks in 27 female nurses (37.1 yo, ±5.9 yo; BMI 29.9 kg/m 2 , ±3.3 kg/m 2 ). Melatonin (or placebo) was only taken on nights when the participants did not work night shifts, that is, on nights when they slept (between night shifts and on days off). Composite Phase Deviations (CPD) of actigraphy‐based mid‐sleep timing were calculated to measure circadian misalignment. The analyses were performed for the whole group and by chronotype. We found approximately 20% reduction in circadian misalignment after exogenous melatonin administration considering all chronotypes. Moreover, melatonin supplementation in those who presented high circadian misalignment, as observed in early chronotypes, reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference, without any change in the participants’ calorie intake or physical activity levels.