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Melatonin and cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury: What's new? A review
Author(s) -
Lochner Amanda,
Marais Erna,
Huisamen Barbara
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1111/jpi.12490
Subject(s) - melatonin , cardioprotection , reperfusion injury , melatonin receptor , receptor , mitochondrion , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , ischemia , medicine , pharmacology , neuroscience
Melatonin is a pleiotropic hormone with several functions. It binds to specific receptors and to a number of cytosolic proteins, activating a vast array of signalling pathways. Its potential to protect the heart against ischaemia/reperfusion damage has attracted much attention, particularly in view of its possible clinical applications. This review will focus mainly on the possible signalling pathways involved in melatonin‐induced cardioprotection. In particular, the role of the melatonin receptors and events downstream of receptor activation, for example, the reperfusion injury salvage kinase ( RISK ), survivor activating factor enhancement ( SAFE ) and Notch pathways, the sirtuins, nuclear factor E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) and translocases in the outer membrane ( TOM 70) will be discussed. Particular attention is given to the role of the mitochondrion in melatonin‐induced cardioprotection. In addition, a brief overview will be given regarding the status quo of the clinical application of melatonin in humans.