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Unveiling the mechanism of melatonin impacts on maize seedling growth: sugar metabolism as a case
Author(s) -
Zhao Hongbo,
Su Tao,
Huo Liuqing,
Wei Hongbin,
Jiang Yang,
Xu Lingfei,
Ma Fengwang
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1111/jpi.12258
Subject(s) - melatonin , sucrose , photosynthesis , biology , fructose , phloem , seedling , metabolism , biochemistry , botany , endocrinology
Melatonin regulates growth in many plants; however, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, exogenous melatonin feeding resulted in both promotional (≤10 μ m ) and inhibitory (≥100 μ m ) effects on maize seedling growth. Initial analyses suggested positive correlations between the amount of melatonin and sucrose synthesis and hydrolysis‐related gene expression, enzyme activities, and sucrose metabolites. However, assays of photosynthetic rate, hexokinase (HxK) activity, expression of photosynthetic marker genes, and HxK‐related genes showed opposite effects under 10 μ m (positive) and 100 μ m (negative) melatonin treatments. Similarly, 10 μ m melatonin accelerated starch catabolism at night, whereas 100 μ m melatonin significantly decreased this process and led to starch accumulation in photosynthetic tissues. Furthermore, expression analysis of genes related to sucrose phloem loading resulted in a slight upregulation of sucrose transporters ( SUT1 and SUT2 ) when seedlings were induced with 10 μ m melatonin, while treatment with 100 μ m melatonin resulted in significant downregulation of these sucrose transporter genes ( SUT1 and SUT2 ), as well as tie‐dyed2 ( Tdy2 ) and sucrose export defective 1. Taken together, these results suggest that low doses of melatonin benefit maize seedling growth by promoting sugar metabolism, photosynthesis, and sucrose phloem loading. Conversely, high doses of melatonin inhibit seedling growth by inducing the excessive accumulation of sucrose, hexose and starch, suppressing photosynthesis and sucrose phloem loading.