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Melatonin regulates carbohydrate metabolism and defenses against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC 3000 infection in Arabidopsis thaliana
Author(s) -
Zhao Hongbo,
Xu Lingfei,
Su Tao,
Jiang Yang,
Hu Lingyu,
Ma Fengwang
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1111/jpi.12245
Subject(s) - invertase , pseudomonas syringae , callose , arabidopsis thaliana , biology , salicylic acid , arabidopsis , melatonin , carbohydrate metabolism , metabolism , fructose , microbiology and biotechnology , cell wall , biochemistry , sucrose , pathogen , gene , mutant , neuroscience
Abstract Melatonin has been reported to promote plant growth and development. Our experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana showed that exogenous applications of this molecule mediated invertase inhibitor (C/ VIF )‐regulated invertase activity and enhanced sucrose metabolism. Hexoses were accumulated in response to elevated activities by cell wall invertase ( CWI ) and vacuolar invertase ( VI ). Analyses of sugar metabolism‐related genes revealed differential expression during plant development that was modulated by melatonin. In particular, C/ VIF 1 and C/ VIF 2 were strongly down‐regulated by exogenous feeding. We also found the elevated CWI activity in melatonin‐treated Arabidopsis improved the factors (cellulose, xylose, and galactose) for cell wall reinforcement and callose deposition during Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC 3000 infection, therefore, partially induced the pathogen resistance. However, CWI did not involve in salicylic acid ( SA )‐regulated defense pathway. Taken together, this study reveals that melatonin plays an important role in invertase‐related carbohydrate metabolism, plant growth, and pathogen defense.