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Fluid shear stress and melatonin in combination activate anabolic proteins in MC 3 T 3‐ E 1 osteoblast cells
Author(s) -
Kim Chi Hyun,
Yoo YeongMin
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of pineal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.881
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1600-079X
pISSN - 0742-3098
DOI - 10.1111/jpi.12043
Subject(s) - melatonin , endocrinology , medicine , protein kinase b , chemistry , anabolism , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , phosphorylation , biology , signal transduction , biochemistry
In this study, we investigated whether fluid shear stress and melatonin in combination stimulate the anabolic proteins through the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase ( p‐ERK ) in MC 3 T 3‐ E 1 osteoblast cells. First, we researched why fluid shear stress and melatonin in combination influence cell survival. Fluid shear stress (1 hr) and melatonin (1 m m ) in combination reduced autophagic marker LC 3‐II compared with fluid shear stress (1 hr) and/or melatonin (0.1 m m ). Under the same conditions for fluid shear stress, markers of cell survival signaling pathway p‐ERK , phosphorylation of serine‐threonine protein kinase (p‐Akt), phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin ( p‐mTOR ), and p85‐S6K were investigated. p‐Akt , p‐mTOR (Ser 2481) expressions increased with the addition of 1 m m melatonin prior to 0.1 m m melatonin treatment. However, p‐S6K expression did not change significantly. Next, mitochondria activity including Bcl‐2 , Bax , catalase, and Mn ‐superoxide dismutase ( Mn ‐ SOD ) were studied. Expressions of Bcl‐2 , Bax , and catalase proteins were low under fluid shear stress plus 1 m m melatonin compared with only fluid shear stress alone, whereas Mn ‐ SOD expression was high compared with conditions of no fluid shear stress. Finally, the anabolic proteins of bone, osteoprotegerin, type I collagen ( collagen I ), and bone sialoprotein II ( BSP II ) were checked. These proteins increased with combined fluid shear stress (1, 4 hr) and melatonin (0.1, 1 m m ). Together, these results suggest that fluid shear stress and melatonin in combination may increase the expression of anabolic proteins through the p‐ERK in MC 3 T 3‐ E 1 osteoblast cells. Therefore, fluid shear stress in combination with melatonin may promote the anabolic response of osteoblasts.