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Phytoplasma Transmission by Heterologous Grafting Influences Viability of the Scion and Results in Early Symptom Development in Periwinkle Rootstock
Author(s) -
Aryan Amal,
Musetti Rita,
RiedleBauer Monika,
Brader Günter
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of phytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0434
pISSN - 0931-1785
DOI - 10.1111/jph.12486
Subject(s) - rootstock , biology , phytoplasma , heterologous , catharanthus roseus , grafting , botany , horticulture , host (biology) , polymerase chain reaction , gene , genetics , restriction fragment length polymorphism , chemistry , organic chemistry , polymer
The stolbur phytoplasma ‘ Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ is responsible for the grapevine disease ‘bois noir’ affecting a number of wine‐growing areas in Europe. Transmission of stolbur phytoplasma to different laboratory hosts can be difficult due to the requirement of transmitting insect vectors or parasite plants. Here, heterologous grafting was used as an alternative technique for transmission of common and strongly symptomatic stolbur genotypes CP sM4_At1 and CP sM4_At6 of ‘ Ca . P. solani’ to experimental host plants such as Catharanthus roseus and tomato making phytoplasma strains more accessible for molecular and experimental investigations in different plant species. Transmission was confirmed by quantitative PCR , microscopy and nested PCR followed by marker gene sequencing. In our study, the transmission of different genotypes of ‘ Ca . P. solani’ resulted in distinguishable symptom development in the laboratory host C. roseus . Symptom development in grafted rootstock was observed three to 7 weeks after heterologous grafting. Survival of the graft unit was influenced by the presence of ‘ Ca . P. solani’ in the scions and was clearly reduced in phytoplasma free scion – rootstock combinations.