Premium
Compared Anatomy of Young Leaves of P runus persica ( L .) Batsch with Different Degrees of Susceptibility to T aphrina deformans ( B erk.) T ul
Author(s) -
Giordani Edgardo,
Padula Giuseppe,
Radice Silvia
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of phytopathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.53
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1439-0434
pISSN - 0931-1785
DOI - 10.1111/jph.12053
Subject(s) - biology , spongy tissue , hypha , palisade cell , middle lamella , epidermis (zoology) , ultrastructure , botany , cuticle (hair) , plasmodesma , cell wall , anatomy
Anatomical observations of leaves infected by T aphrina deformans were studied in tolerant peach trees ( TPT ) and in very susceptible ( VSPT ) ones. Leaves from the first sampling (2nd A pril) showed hyphae penetrating through the stomata or into the cuticle of the host tissue; anatomical structures of leaf sections were similar for both TPT and VSPT . The ultrastructure of the leaves of TPT showed seemingly normal mesophyll cells. In contrast, mesophyll cells of the VSPT showed important signs of degradation. Cells were organelle‐free and the middle lamella was expanded and invaded by hyphae of T . deformans . In some samples, the leaves of TPT showed deformed epidermal cells, loss of some spongy cells and increase of the intercellular spaces and division of the palisade cells. The pathogen proliferation in the leaves of the VSPT was considerably superior. In this case, stimulation of cell division occurred in the abaxial epidermis. Cells showed periclinal and oblique divisions, with an increased number of plasmodesmata; palisade or spongy cells were not differentiable. Leaves from TPT collected on 26th April showed hyphae with a non‐cylindrical section and with a squashed aspect. The hyphae were very evident in the intercellular spaces, showing abundant endoplasmic reticulum of rough type ( RER ) in the cytoplasm. On the other hand, epidermis of the leaves of the VSPT had numerous hyphae under the cuticle, which were growing in a thick pectin matrix. Leaves from TPT and VSPT collected on 6th May showed relevant differences. The leaves of TPT had a palisade mesophyll with fewer cells but with active chloroplasts. In contrast, the leaves from VSPT showed empty mesophyll cells, the cytoplasm was collapsed and the adaxial epidermis was covered with the fungus fructification. The observed anatomical and ultrastructural differences of leaves from TPT and VSPT confirm a different behaviour in plant‐host reaction at early stages of infection.