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Comparing monovalent and combination hepatitis B vaccine outcomes in children delivered by mothers with chronic hepatitis B
Author(s) -
Lee Le Y,
Chan Si M,
Ong Christina,
M Aw Marion,
Wong Franco,
Saw Sharon,
Lee Guan H,
Thoon Koh C,
Phua Kong B
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of paediatrics and child health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.631
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1440-1754
pISSN - 1034-4810
DOI - 10.1111/jpc.14194
Subject(s) - medicine , regimen , hepatitis b vaccine , hepatitis b , hepatitis b virus , vaccination , pediatrics , immunogenicity , immunology , antibody , virus , hbsag
Aim We compared the vaccine effectiveness of monovalent and combination hepatitis B vaccine regimens in infants born to chronic hepatitis B carrier mothers. Methods An observational cohort of neonates was recruited over 78 months from two public hospital maternity units in Singapore. We enrolled term infants, born to chronic hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive mothers regardless of their hepatitis Be antigen status, who completed the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination programme in Singapore. Infants born to mothers on antiviral therapy, or with concurrent hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus infection were excluded. All infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth. One group received three doses of monovalent hepatitis B vaccine (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen A). The other group received two doses of monovalent vaccine, followed by one dose combination vaccine DTaP‐IPV‐Hib‐HBV (0, 1, 6 months) (regimen B). Vaccine effectiveness was determined by immunoprophylaxis failure leading to HBV vertical transmission. Immunogenicity was assessed by hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) levels at 9 months of age. Results Total of 177 term neonates received regimen A and 115 received regimen B. Immunoprophylaxis failure rate was low, 2.3 and 2.6% ( P = 1.00) in regimen A and B, respectively. Mean anti‐HBs titres were similar at 643 ± 374 and 561 ± 396 IU/L ( P = 0.08) for regimen A and B, respectively. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccine regimens using monovalent or combination vaccine for the third dose showed similarly high vaccine effectiveness and low immunoprophylaxis failure rate in term infants born to chronic hepatitis B carrier mothers.