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Non‐typhoidal Salmonella infections in children: Review of literature and recommendations for management
Author(s) -
Wen Sophie CH,
Best Emma,
Nourse Clare
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of paediatrics and child health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.631
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1440-1754
pISSN - 1034-4810
DOI - 10.1111/jpc.13585
Subject(s) - medicine , salmonella , azithromycin , meningitis , antibiotics , disease , antimicrobial , intensive care medicine , cephalosporin , infectious disease (medical specialty) , immunology , pediatrics , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , genetics , biology
Non‐typhoidal Salmonellae are a major cause of infectious diarrhoea worldwide and can cause invasive diseases, including bacteraemia, meningitis and osteomyelitis. Young or immunocompromised children and those with underlying conditions such as sickle cell disease are particularly vulnerable to invasive disease. There has been an increase in the rate of resistant non‐typhoidal Salmonella , which is associated with invasive disease and hospitalisation. The intracellular nature of non‐typhoidal Salmonella protects against extracellular antibiotics and can facilitate disease relapse, particularly meningitis. Effective antimicrobial agents with good intracellular penetration include azithromycin, fluoroquinolones and third‐generation cephalosporins. Antibiotic treatment of non‐typhoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis is only indicated if there are risk factors for invasive disease as it can prolong excretion and does not shorten the duration of gastrointestinal symptoms. Optimal choice and length of therapy for gastroenteritis and invasive disease in children is not clear. Here, we provide a review of the literature and treatment recommendations.