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THE IMPACT OF COMMUTING TIME ON YOUTH'S SCHOOL PERFORMANCE
Author(s) -
Tigre Robson,
Sampaio Breno,
Menezes Tatiane
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of regional science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.171
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1467-9787
pISSN - 0022-4146
DOI - 10.1111/jors.12289
Subject(s) - instrumental variable , heteroscedasticity , quantile , duration (music) , econometrics , identification (biology) , economics , demographic economics , variable (mathematics) , statistics , psychology , mathematics , art , mathematical analysis , botany , literature , biology
Using Brazilian data, we estimate the impact of commuting duration on students' performance using distance to closest schools as an instrumental variable. In addition, we also use identification through heteroskedasticity, which does not rely on exclusion restrictions, and estimate bounds for the treatment effect in case there is remaining bias from unobservables. We find strong and consistent evidence that duration of commuting has a negative causal effect on academic achievement. Moreover, the relatively small heterogeneity across quantiles of test score makes us believe that public transportation policies targeted at students can promote education not only for those less well‐off.