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Immunohistochemical expression of Tazarotene‐induced Gene 3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Author(s) -
Venkataswamy Pavithra,
Samudrala Venkatesiah Sowmya,
Rao Roopa S.,
Banavar Spoorthi Ravi,
Patil Shankargouda,
Augustine Dominic,
Haragannavar Vanishri C.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of oral pathology and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.887
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0714
pISSN - 0904-2512
DOI - 10.1111/jop.13144
Subject(s) - immunohistochemistry , pathology , biomarker , basal cell carcinoma , medicine , skin cancer , psoriasis , keratinocyte , carcinoma , carcinogenesis , cancer , basal cell , cancer research , biology , dermatology , cell culture , biochemistry , genetics
Background The prognosis of hyperproliferative skin lesions, such as psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma, and non‐melanoma skin cancers, is significantly benefited from the levels of tazarotene‐induced gene‐1 (TIG3) expression and subsequent treatment with tazarotene. Such observations suggest that TIG3 could be used as a biomarker for apoptosis, differentiation, and proliferation. The current study aimed to evaluate the expression of TIG3 in normal oral mucosa (NOM) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) compared with normal skin (NS) and skin squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) using immunohistochemistry. Methods Seventeen cases each of SSCC, OSCC, NOM, and NS were evaluated. Each section was immunohistochemically stained with a rabbit polyclonal TIG3 antibody. The entire procedure was blinded and evaluated by 5 observers. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi‐square test. Results There was a significant decrease in TIG3 protein expression in OSCC and SSCC compared with that in NOM and NS ( P = 0.008). The progressive loss of expression was observed as the grade of both malignancies increased. However, there was no significant difference in the expression among the normal tissue groups and within SCC groups of similar grades. Conclusion The present study suggests that the loss of TIG3 is an important event in carcinogenesis. TIG3 acts as a regulator of keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation. Therefore, TIG3 could be a potential biomarker to differentiate aggressive and non‐aggressive neoplasms.