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Quantitative and functional analysis of CD 69 + T regulatory lymphocytes in patients with periodontal disease
Author(s) -
VitalesNoyola Marlen,
MartínezMartínez Rita,
LoyolaRodríguez Juan P.,
Baranda Lourdes,
NiñoMoreno Perla,
GonzálezAmaro Roberto
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of oral pathology and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.887
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0714
pISSN - 0904-2512
DOI - 10.1111/jop.12514
Subject(s) - immune system , medicine , flow cytometry , immunology , lymphocyte , immunofluorescence , disease , pathology , antibody
Background Periodontal disease is chronic inflammatory process that affects the attachment structures of the teeth and constitutes a significant cause of tooth loss in adults. Although different bacteria play an important role in the triggering of this condition, the progression and severity of the disease are strongly affected by the host immune response, which is under the control of different immune regulatory mechanisms, including T regulatory (Treg) cells. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and function of CD 69 + Treg lymphocytes in patients with chronic periodontal disease. Methods Peripheral blood samples ( n = 33) and gingival tissue ( n = 9) were obtained from patients with chronic periodontal disease. Blood samples from 25 healthy individuals were also studied. Levels of CD 69 + Treg lymphocytes in peripheral blood and gingival tissue were determined by six‐color multiparametric flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. The immune regulatory function of CD 69 + Treg cells was tested by an in vitro assay of inhibition of lymphocyte activation. Results Percentages of CD 69 + Treg cells were significantly higher in the peripheral blood from patients with active periodontal disease compared to healthy controls, and these percentages inversely correlated with the periodontal attachment loss. Increased numbers of these Treg cells were detected in the gingival tissue from active PD patients compared to their peripheral blood. However, the suppressive function of CD 69 + Treg cells was significantly diminished in patients with periodontal disease compared to healthy controls. Conclusions Our data suggest that CD 69 + Treg cells seem to be another important piece in the complex immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease.