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Decreased expression of Kallmann syndrome 1 sequence gene ( KAL 1 ) contributes to oral squamous cell carcinoma progression and significantly correlates with poorly differentiated grade
Author(s) -
Liu Jiannan,
Cao Wei,
Chen Wantao,
Xu Liqun,
Zhang Chenping
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of oral pathology and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.887
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0714
pISSN - 0904-2512
DOI - 10.1111/jop.12206
Subject(s) - cancer research , gene silencing , cell growth , kallmann syndrome , gene knockdown , carcinogenesis , cell cycle , medicine , cell , cancer , endocrinology , apoptosis , biology , gene , disease , genetics , covid-19 , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Background Kallmann syndrome 1 sequence gene ( KAL 1) protein is an extracellular matrix associated protein which plays vital roles in neurons development and cell migration. However, its biological functions and clinical implications have yet not been revealed in oral carcinogenesis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of KAL 1 in oral cancer and determine clinical significance of KAL 1 in oral squamous cell carcinomas ( OSCC s). Methods The expression pattern of KAL1 was examined in a testing cohort including OSCCs (n = 42) and paired adjacent tissues (PATs) (n = 14) by real‐time PCR. The result was further validated in a validating cohort of OSCCs (n = 32). Correlation between clinicopathological parameters and KAL1 mRNA levels was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. In vitro , the effects of KAL1 ablation through siRNA‐mediated knockdown on the proliferation of OSCC cells were determined by CCK‐8, BrdU, and colonies formation assays, respectively. In addition, cell cycle distribution was further evaluated by cytometry. Results We observed that remarkably decreased expression of KAL1 mRNA in two independent cohorts (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.033, respectively). Furthermore, downregulated KAL1 mRNA was significantly associated with worse pathological grade (P = 0.013 and P = 0.035, respectively). Upon KAL1 silencing, the proliferation and colonies formation potentials of OSCC cells were notably promoted by accelerating G1 to M phase transition. Conclusion These data indicated that KAL 1 plays a potential suppressive role on OSCC initiation and progression, and KAL 1 gene may serve as an adjuvant biomarker for the identification of pathological grade.