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Effect of dysphagia rehabilitation in patients receiving enteral nutrition at home nursing care: A retrospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Furuya Hiroyasu,
Kikutani Takeshi,
Igarashi Kumi,
Sagawa Keiichiro,
Yajima Yuri,
Machida Reiko,
Tohara Takashi,
Takahashi Noriaki,
Tamura Fumiyo
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of oral rehabilitation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.991
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1365-2842
pISSN - 0305-182X
DOI - 10.1111/joor.13030
Subject(s) - medicine , dysphagia , swallowing , enteral administration , physical therapy , rehabilitation , oropharyngeal dysphagia , body mass index , parenteral nutrition , surgery
Objective We considered the effect of dysphagia rehabilitation and investigated parameters associated with the resumption of oral intake in the elderly patients receiving home nursing care who were not eating by mouth. Methods The participants were 116 patients aged ≥65 years (66 men and 50 women, mean age 79.7 ± 8.9 years) who were receiving home nursing care and not eating by mouth because of dysphagia. All patients underwent dysphagia rehabilitation for 6 months with the objective of resuming oral intake. After 6 months of dysphagia rehabilitation, the patients’ eating status was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and the associations of the post‐intervention FOIS score with age, history of pneumonia, duration of enteral nutrition, body mass index (BMI), alertness, physical function (ability to walk) and swallowing function at the initial examination. Results Functional Oral Intake Scale scores increased significantly after 6 months rather than those at the initial evaluation ( P < .001). Eighty patients (69.0%) resumed oral intake (FOIS score ≥2), thirty patients (25.9%) of whom became capable of daily oral intake (FOIS score ≥3). Swallowing function was associated with the resumption of oral intake. In addition, physical function before dysphagia rehabilitation was an important factor to resume daily oral intake. Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that the resumption of oral intake by patients receiving enteral nutrition requires improvement in swallowing function. In addition, anyone who cannot walk may not recover daily oral intake.