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Relationship between pressure ulcer risk based on Norton Scale and on the “Eating/Drinking” need assessment
Author(s) -
López María,
Jiménez José María,
Fernández Mercedes,
Martín Belén,
Cao María José,
Castro María José
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of nursing management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.925
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1365-2834
pISSN - 0966-0429
DOI - 10.1111/jonm.12655
Subject(s) - medicine , risk assessment , safeguarding , nursing interventions classification , scale (ratio) , nursing care , cross sectional study , psychological intervention , environmental health , gerontology , nursing , physics , computer security , pathology , quantum mechanics , computer science
Aim To study the relationship between pressure ulcer risk evaluated by the Norton Scale and inadequate fulfilment of Need 2 ( Eating/Drinking ) from the 14‐need classification designed by Virginia Henderson. Background Assessing nutritional status and skin condition to implement preventive measures are important nursing interventions. Our hospital's standard procedure requires recording Norton Scale and Henderson Eating/Drinking Assessment results. Methods This was a descriptive cross‐sectional study, analysing case histories of 219 patients in medical/surgical wards for >24 hr with nursing care recorded in the GACELA Care computer application. Patient sociodemographic variables and evaluation concepts from the Norton Scale and Eating/Drinking were studied. Results A statistically significant relationship ( p < 0.05; 95% CI: 0.61, 2.83) was seen between inadequate Eating/Drinking need fulfilment and increased pressure ulcer risk. Pressure ulcer risk was generally low in the sample, with mainly no or minimum risk (77.3%); the oldest age group had the highest risk. Self‐care autonomy was the most frequently assessed item in Eating/Drinking (42%). Conclusions A relationship was found between Norton Scale risk results and Eating/Drinking need assessment results. The greater the pressure ulcer risk, the more likely was inadequate need satisfaction (poor nutritional status). Implications To help identify pressure ulcer risk, nurses should assess patients’ eating independence. Safeguarding nutritional status and preventing pressure ulcers are nursing skills associated with quality nursing care.