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7T dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI for the detection of subtle blood–brain barrier leakage
Author(s) -
Canjels Lisanne P. W.,
Jansen Jacobus F. A.,
Kerkhof Marieke,
Alers RobertJan,
Poser Benedikt A.,
Wiggins Christopher J.,
Schiffer Veronique M. M. M.,
Ven Vincent,
Rouhl Rob P. W.,
Palm W. M.,
Oostenbrugge Robert J.,
Aldenkamp Albert P.,
GhosseinDoha Chahinda,
Spaanderman Marc E. A.,
Backes Walter H.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of neuroimaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.822
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1552-6569
pISSN - 1051-2284
DOI - 10.1111/jon.12894
Subject(s) - medicine , blood–brain barrier , dynamic contrast enhanced mri , white matter , magnetic resonance imaging , leakage (economics) , nuclear medicine , gadolinium , biomedical engineering , radiology , materials science , central nervous system , macroeconomics , metallurgy , economics
Background and Purpose Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) can be employed to assess the blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Detection of BBB leakage at lower field strengths (≤3T) is cumbersome as the signal is noisy, while leakage can be subtle. Utilizing the increased signal‐to‐noise ratio at higher field strengths, we explored the application of 7T DCE‐MRI for assessing BBB leakage. Methods A dual‐time resolution DCE‐MRI method was implemented at 7T and a slow injection rate (0.3 ml/s) and low dose (3 mmol) served to obtain signal changes linearly related to the gadolinium concentration, that is, minimized for T 2 * degradation effects. With the Patlak graphical approach, the leakage rate ( K i ) and blood plasma volume fraction ( v p ) were calculated. The method was evaluated in 10 controls, an ischemic stroke patient, and a patient with a transient ischemic attack. Results K i and v p were significantly higher in gray matter compared to white matter of all participants. These K i values were higher in both patients compared to the control subjects. Finally, for the lesion identified in the ischemic stroke patient, higher leakage values were observed compared to normal‐appearing tissue. Conclusion We demonstrate how a dual‐time resolution DCE‐MRI protocol at 7T, with administration of half the clinically used contrast agent dose, can be used for assessing subtle BBB leakage. Although the feasibility of DCE‐MRI for assessing the BBB integrity at 3T is well known, we showed that a continuous sampling DCE‐MRI method tailored for 7T is also capable of assessing leakage with a high sensitivity over a range of K i values.