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Neuroimaging of Pediatric Arteriopathies
Author(s) -
Goyal Pradeep,
Malhotra Ajay,
Almast Jeevak,
Sapire Joshua,
Gupta Sonali,
Mangla Manisha,
Mangla Rajiv
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of neuroimaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.822
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1552-6569
pISSN - 1051-2284
DOI - 10.1111/jon.12614
Subject(s) - medicine , etiology , stroke (engine) , pediatric stroke , neuroimaging , intensive care medicine , pediatrics , population , ischemic stroke , ischemia , psychiatry , mechanical engineering , environmental health , engineering
Pediatric arteriopathies are increasingly recognized in school‐aged children with a variety of presenting symptoms ranging from headache, seizures, encephalopathy, and neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as focal neurologic deficits due to acute ischemic strokes. However, unlike the adult stroke population, there are differences in the clinical manifestations, the stroke mechanism, and risk factors in pediatric ischemic stroke. There has been increasing awareness and recognition of pediatric cerebral arteriopathies as a predominant stroke etiology. Prompt diagnosis of arteriopathies is essential to limit injury and prevent recurrent stroke. Based on predominant vessels involved and clinical symptoms, these arteriopathies can be broadly divided into two categories: large‐medium size arteriopathies and small vessel arteriopathies. Each category can be further divided into inflammatory and noninflammatory according to their etiologies. The ability to distinguish between inflammatory and noninflammatory etiologies carries major prognostic implications for acute management and secondary stroke prevention as well as screening for systemic complications and counseling.