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Systemic alterations and their oral manifestations in pregnant women
Author(s) -
Silva de Araujo Figueiredo Camilla,
Gonçalves Carvalho Rosalem Cíntia,
Costa Cantanhede Andre Luis,
Abreu Fonseca Thomaz Érika Bárbara,
Fontoura Nogueira da Cruz Maria Carmen
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1447-0756
pISSN - 1341-8076
DOI - 10.1111/jog.13150
Subject(s) - medicine , pregnancy , gingivitis , periodontitis , pyogenic granuloma , fetus , incidence (geometry) , oral cavity , physiology , hormone , dental plaque , obstetrics , dentistry , pathology , lesion , genetics , physics , optics , biology
The aims of this literature review are: to depict the main oral diseases that are related to pregnancy; to clarify some of the possible systemic mechanisms that are associated with these changes; and to address issues about oral care during pregnancy. A woman's organs undergo various physiological, neurological, and hormonal changes during pregnancy. Such changes occur gradually and are essential for the development of the fetus, providing what is needed for tissue formation and establishment of reserves for uterine and fetal life. In turn, the oral cavity shows some events during this period. Among the changes most frequently cited in the literature are pyogenic granuloma, gingivitis, and periodontitis. The inflammation of the periodontal tissues due to the formation of the biofilm increases dramatically in size and severity during the course of a normal pregnancy, even without changes in the amount of biofilm present. In addition, a decrease in salivary pH is observed in pregnant women and may lead to an increased incidence of dental caries in this period.