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Maternal outcomes in pregnancies affected by varicella zoster virus infections: Population‐based study on 7.7 million pregnancy admissions
Author(s) -
Zhang Hui Jue,
Patenaude Valerie,
Abenhaim Haim A.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1447-0756
pISSN - 1341-8076
DOI - 10.1111/jog.12479
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , varicella zoster virus , population , pregnancy , maternal death , pneumonia , pediatrics , confidence interval , logistic regression , obstetrics , immunology , virus , environmental health , physics , biology , optics , genetics
Aim Previous estimates of the incidence of varicella zoster virus ( VZV ) pneumonia and maternal death associated with VZV infection among the pregnant population have varied considerably and been based predominantly on reports from case series. We sought to measure the incidence of VZV ‐related morbidity and mortality to provide more representative population estimates. Methods We carried out a large cohort study on all births using the U nited S tates H ealthcare C ost and U tilization P roject‐ N ationwide I npatient S ample database between 2003 and 2010. Descriptive statistics were used to measure baseline characteristics and outcomes of women with VZV infection. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for the development of VZV ‐related morbidity and mortality. Results We identified 935 patients admitted for VZV infection among 7.7 million pregnancy admissions, representing an incidence of 1.21 cases/10 000 pregnancies (95% confidence interval [ CI ], 1.13–1.29). The incidence of VZV pneumonia was 2.5% (95% CI , 1.6–3.7). No maternal deaths were recorded during the 8‐year study period. There were no significant risk factors identified for those who developed VZV pneumonia compared to those who had an uncomplicated VZV infection during pregnancy. Conclusion The incidence of VZV pneumonia and VZV infection associated with maternal death is significantly lower than previously estimated and may reflect better immunization and earlier interventions.