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Associations of maternal pre‐pregnancy underweight with small‐for‐gestational‐age and spontaneous preterm birth, and optimal gestational weight gain in J apanese women
Author(s) -
Fujiwara Kana,
Aoki Shigeru,
Kurasawa Kentaro,
Okuda Mika,
Takahashi Tsuneo,
Hirahara Fumiki
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1447-0756
pISSN - 1341-8076
DOI - 10.1111/jog.12283
Subject(s) - underweight , medicine , weight gain , pregnancy , obstetrics , body mass index , small for gestational age , birth weight , gestational age , gestation , low birth weight , overweight , body weight , biology , genetics
Aim To determine associations of maternal pre‐pregnancy underweight with poor outcomes and evaluate how gestational weight gain affects risks for such outcomes in pre‐pregnancy underweight Japanese women. Methods By analyzing the J anuary 2001– D ecember 2012 hospital database, we retrospectively identified 6954 women with pre‐pregnancy normal weights (body mass index, 18.5–24.9 kg/m 2 ) and 1057 pre‐pregnancy underweight women (body mass index, <18.5 kg/m 2 ) who delivered at the P erinatal M aternity and N eonatal C enter of Y okohama City University. These women were stratified by weekly weight gain during the second/third trimesters to investigate associations of gestational weight gain with spontaneous preterm birth and small for gestational age ( SGA ). Spontaneous preterm birth and SGA incidences were compared with those of women meeting I nstitute of M edicine ( IOM ) guidelines to determine optimal weight gain in Japanese women. Results Preterm birth and SGA incidences were significantly higher in pre‐pregnancy underweight than in pre‐pregnancy normal weight women (4.6% vs 2.4% [ P = 0.005] and 13.9% vs 9.7% [ P = 0.003], respectively). For pre‐pregnancy normal weight women, preterm birth incidence was significantly higher in those with weight gain of less than 0.2 kg/week than in those IOM guidelines. For pre‐pregnancy underweight women, preterm birth and SGA incidences were significantly higher in those with weight gain of less than 0.3 kg/week than in those meeting IOM guidelines. Conclusion Preterm birth and SGA incidences did not differ significantly between pre‐pregnancy normal weight women with weight gain of 0.2 kg/week or more and pre‐pregnancy underweight women with weight gain of 0.3 kg/week or more, as compared to women meeting IOM guidelines. These results suggest that IOM guidelines for gestational weight gain may lack external validity in J apanese women.