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Sodium nitroprusside versus nicardipine for hypertension management after surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Villarreal Enrique G.,
Flores Saul,
Kriz Connor,
Iranpour Niki,
Bronicki Ronald A.,
Loomba Rohit S.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cardiac surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.428
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1540-8191
pISSN - 0886-0440
DOI - 10.1111/jocs.14513
Subject(s) - nicardipine , medicine , afterload , blood pressure , sodium nitroprusside , vascular resistance , cardiac index , anesthesia , cardiology , cardiac output , stroke volume , population , hemodynamics , heart rate , nitric oxide , environmental health
Background Vasoactive medications are commonly administered for afterload reduction and arterial hypertension treatment in patients after cardiac surgery. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were conducted to determine the effects of sodium nitroprusside and nicardipine on hemodynamics and cardiac performance in this population. Methods A systematic review of published manuscripts was performed to identify studies of patients who received sodium nitroprusside and nicardipine as part of the treatment for arterial hypertension or afterload reduction after cardiac surgery. A meta‐analysis was then conducted to determine the effects of sodium nitroprusside and nicardipine on hemodynamics and cardiac performance. The following parameters were captured: blood pressure, heart rate, right atrial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, and stroke volume. Results In total, five studies with 571 patients were pooled for these analyses. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure were similar in both groups. The cardiac index was greater with nicardipine while mean pulmonary artery pressure was lower with sodium nitroprusside. Conclusion Nicardipine and sodium nitroprusside have similar abilities in reducing afterload in the postoperative cardiac population. Statistically significant differences were found in pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac index. It may be beneficial to consider nicardipine for afterload reduction in patients with a low cardiac index.