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Systematic review of the nature of nursing care described by using the Caring Behaviours Inventory
Author(s) -
RomeroMartín Macarena,
GómezSalgado Juan,
RoblesRomero José Miguel,
JiménezPicón Nerea,
GómezUrquiza José Luis,
PonceBlandón José Antonio
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of clinical nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.94
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1365-2702
pISSN - 0962-1067
DOI - 10.1111/jocn.15015
Subject(s) - cinahl , nursing , psychology , empathy , critical appraisal , thematic analysis , psychological intervention , nursing care , qualitative research , medicine , social psychology , alternative medicine , social science , pathology , sociology
Aim To describe the nature of care received by patients measured through the Caring Behaviours Inventory. Background Professional nursing practice combines two dimensions of caring: instrumental care and expressive care. Instrumental care focuses on physical health needs, in terms of efficiency and employs interventions based on evidence. Expressive care is patient‐centred and based on the interpersonal relationship. It requires caring attitudes that include respect, kindness, sensitivity and patience. The Caring Behaviours Inventory is a tool designed to assess the care expressed through the behaviours nurses perform, contextualised within the Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring. Methods A systematic review following PRISMA recommendations. Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL databases were consulted using the keywords “Caring Behaviours Inventory” AND “Nursing”. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used for the quality appraisal. A conceptual analysis and a thematic synthesis were performed for data extraction. Results 11 articles were selected. Three categories were identified: nature of caring, congruence between perceived care by patients and nurses, and factors associated with the expression of care. Discussion An emphasis on care of an instrumental nature was identified. The perception of patients differs from that of nurses, patients perceive a lower level of expressive caring than the one nurses believe to deliver. Caring behaviours are affected by the working environment, nurses' emotional intelligence and coping skills, and socio‐demographic characteristics. Conclusion This paper described the findings of previous research regarding the nature of care that is transmitted and received in clinical practice. Results highlight an emphasis on the instrumental aspect of the nursing care according to the patients' perception. Relevance to clinical practice Findings summarised in this review could contribute to a better understanding of the nursing care. Results reported in this paper could also help to improve the quality of care delivered by nurses as well as patient‐centeredness.