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Defining the key clinical indicators for ineffective breathing pattern in paediatric patients: a meta‐analysis of accuracy studies
Author(s) -
Sousa Vanessa Emille Carvalho,
Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira,
Silva Viviane Martins,
Keenan Gail M
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of clinical nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.94
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1365-2702
pISSN - 0962-1067
DOI - 10.1111/jocn.12815
Subject(s) - cinahl , medicine , meta analysis , breathing , medline , systematic review , inclusion (mineral) , intensive care medicine , nursing , pathology , psychology , psychological intervention , psychiatry , political science , law , social psychology
Aims and objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the key clinical indicators of ineffective breathing pattern among paediatric patients. Background When nurses perform clinical reasoning, certain characteristics represent the clinical indicators necessary to confirm the presence of a particular diagnosis. Some quantitative studies have reported the prevalence of ineffective breathing pattern in different samples of patients. However, these findings should be synthesised. Design Meta‐analysis of quantitative nursing studies. Methods Studies were identified via systematic searches of CINAHL , LILACS , P ub M ed and Scopus using the key search terms ‘ineffective’, ‘breathing’ and ‘pattern’. Additional quality‐related inclusion criteria were gleaned from the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews of Diagnostic Test Accuracy, the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. The pertinent results from each study were extracted and analysed via meta‐analysis. Results Six studies using paediatric populations met the inclusion criteria. Summary measures indicated that the following defining characteristics had the highest accuracy values for ineffective breathing pattern among children: bradypnoea, dyspnoea, nasal flaring, orthopnoea, tachypnoea and the use of accessory muscles to breathe. Conclusion This meta‐analysis provides information regarding the accuracy of the clinical indicators of ineffective breathing pattern from studies sampling diverse paediatric populations. Relevance to clinical practice Nurses can better use clinical indicators to infer the presence of ineffective breathing pattern when they are aware of the most relevant defining characteristics. Nursing students and professionals can also improve their critical thinking abilities and diagnostic reasoning based on these findings.