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Creation and validation of a photonumeric scale for assessment of lip fullness
Author(s) -
Trevidic Patrick,
Carey Wayne,
Benedetto Anthony V.,
Joseph John H.,
Eaton Laura,
Antunes Stéphanie,
Maffert Pauline
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of cosmetic dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.626
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1473-2165
pISSN - 1473-2130
DOI - 10.1111/jocd.14761
Subject(s) - kappa , medicine , inter rater reliability , rating scale , grading scale , grading (engineering) , clinical trial , clinical practice , cohen's kappa , reliability (semiconductor) , mean difference , scale (ratio) , physical therapy , surgery , psychology , statistics , mathematics , confidence interval , developmental psychology , power (physics) , civil engineering , geometry , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Background Validated, objective clinical scales are needed to assess aesthetic improvement of the lips after augmentation with dermal fillers. Objective To develop a lip fullness rating scale and establish its reliability for grading subjects in clinical trials or routine practice, and sensitivity for detecting clinically meaningful changes. Methods The Teoxane Lip Fullness Scale (TLFS), a proprietary, 5‐grade photonumeric scale, was developed by clinical experts based on real subject photographs and was validated through both photographic and live subjects' evaluation. Results Clinician intra‐ and inter‐rater agreement for the TLFS was substantial to almost perfect. Mean intra‐rater weighted Kappa score between the two rounds of photographic validation was 0.92, and inter‐rater agreement was substantial with an ICC of 0.93 for the combined rounds. Average intra‐rater weighted Kappa score and inter‐rater ICC for the live validation were equally high, reaching 0.91 and 0.89 respectively. Additionally, evaluators identified clinically significant differences between photographs of subjects presenting a 1‐grade or 2‐grade difference on the scale in 90% and 98% of cases, respectively. Conclusions The intra‐rater Kappa scores and inter‐rater ICC met their pre‐determined acceptance criteria of >0.70 in the photographic and live validation. The TLFS was shown to be a repeatable and reproducible Clinician Reported Outcome (Clin‐RO) for healthcare providers to classify lip fullness both in clinical trials and in routine patient care. A 1‐grade difference on the TLFS can detect a clinically meaningful difference in lip fullness.