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Current use of botulinum neurotoxin in esthetic practice—Clinical guide and review
Author(s) -
Friedman Or,
Singolda Roei,
Mehrabi Joseph N.,
Artzi Ofir,
Boggio Ricardo Frotta,
Bento Adriano Mesquita
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of cosmetic dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.626
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1473-2165
pISSN - 1473-2130
DOI - 10.1111/jocd.14152
Subject(s) - botulinum neurotoxin , neurotoxin , medicine , botulinum toxin , clinical trial , dermatology , surgery , pathology , biology , biochemistry , toxin
Background Botulinum neurotoxin is one of the most versatile and widely used medical products in the world. Aims The review's focus is the plastic and dermatologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin currently supported by published data. Methods Relevant clinical articles regarding botulinum neurotoxin use in plastic surgery, dermatology, and general esthetic literature were searched and reviewed. Results The search yielded 258 studies. Two hundred articles were excluded following title and abstract review. Twenty‐one studies were excluded following full‐text screening. A total of 37 studies remained and were discussed in this review. Conclusions Botulinum neurotoxin is widely used for numerous off‐label indications from head to toe. Some uses are well documented, and their safety has been demonstrated in controlled trials, yet most remain poorly researched.