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Differences in US Adult Dietary Patterns by Food Security Status
Author(s) -
Taylor Christopher A.,
Spees Colleen K.,
Markwordt Alayna M.,
Watowicz Rosanna P.,
Clark Jill K.,
Hooker Neal H.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of consumer affairs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.582
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1745-6606
pISSN - 0022-0078
DOI - 10.1111/joca.12166
Subject(s) - calorie , national health and nutrition examination survey , food security , food insecurity , environmental health , consumption (sociology) , food consumption , food choice , food group , food science , geography , economics , medicine , agricultural economics , agriculture , biology , sociology , population , social science , archaeology , pathology , endocrinology
Dietary patterns and food security is considered in four ways: Healthy Eating Index (HEI), food category consumption patterns, energy/macronutrient contributions of food categories, and sub‐category caloric intake accounting for consumption patterns. 2005–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were grouped by What We Eat in America food sub‐categories. Of the 20,363 adults, 14,592 were high (71.7%), 2,125 marginal (10.4%), 2,317 low (11.4%), and 1,329 very low food secure (6.5%). High food secure adults have higher HEI in total and each sub‐measure (including refined grains and empty calories). Consumption frequency in most food categories declines with food insecurity. As food insecurity deepens so more energy and carbohydrates are attributable to nonalcoholic beverages. Evidence of the negative dietary impact of sweetened beverages in particular for food insecure adults is presented. Very few differences in dietary patterns emerge, suggesting broad societal level policy combined with targeted sub‐category and nutrition education initiatives.