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Cranial shape evolution of extant and fossil crocodile newts and its relation to reproduction and ecology
Author(s) -
Pogoda Peter,
Zuber Marcus,
Baumbach Tilo,
Schoch Rainer R.,
Kupfer Alexander
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of anatomy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.932
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1469-7580
pISSN - 0021-8782
DOI - 10.1111/joa.13201
Subject(s) - biology , subgenus , salamandridae , caudata , zoology , salamander , phylogenetics , phylogenetic tree , crocodile , crocodylus , evolutionary biology , ecology , genus , biochemistry , gene
The diversity of the vertebrate cranial shape of phylogenetically related taxa allows conclusions on ecology and life history. As pleurodeline newts (the genera Echinotriton , Pleurodeles and Tylototriton ) have polymorphic reproductive modes, they are highly suitable for following cranial shape evolution in relation to reproduction and environment. We investigated interspecific differences externally and differences in the cranial shape of pleurodeline newts via two‐dimensional geometric morphometrics. Our analyses also included the closely related but extinct genus Chelotriton to better follow the evolutionary history of cranial shape. Pleurodeles was morphologically distinct in relation to other phylogenetically basal salamanders. The subgenera within Tylototriton ( Tylototriton and Yaotriton ) were well separated in morphospace, whereas Echinotriton resembled the subgenus Yaotriton more than Tylototriton . Oviposition site choice correlated with phylogeny and morphology. Only the mating mode, with a random distribution along the phylogenetic tree, separated crocodile newts into two morphologically distinct groups. Extinct Chelotriton likely represented several species and were morphologically and ecologically more similar to Echinotriton and Yaotriton than to Tylototriton subgenera. Our data also provide the first comprehensive morphological support for the molecular phylogeny of pleurodeline newts.