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Central aspects of systemic oestradiol negative‐ and positive‐feedback on the reproductive neuroendocrine system
Author(s) -
Moenter Suzanne M.,
Silveira Marina A.,
Wang Luhong,
Adams Caroline
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of neuroendocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.062
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1365-2826
pISSN - 0953-8194
DOI - 10.1111/jne.12724
Subject(s) - ovulation , negative feedback , follicular phase , medicine , endocrinology , homeostasis , hormone , central nervous system , positive feedback , neuroendocrinology , gonadotropin releasing hormone , hypothalamus , biology , luteinizing hormone , physics , engineering , quantum mechanics , voltage , electrical engineering
The central nervous system regulates fertility via the release of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH). This control revolves around the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, which operates under traditional homeostatic feedback by sex steroids from the gonads in males and most of the time in females. An exception is the late follicular phase in females, when homeostatic feedback is suspended and a positive‐feedback response to oestradiol initiates the preovulatory surges of GnRH and luteinising hormone. Here, we briefly review the history of how mechanisms underlying central control of ovulation by circulating steroids have been studied, discuss the relative merit of different model systems and integrate some of the more recent findings in this area into an overall picture of how this phenomenon occurs.