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Ovarian Regulation of Kisspeptin Neurones in the Arcuate Nucleus of the Rhesus Monkey ( Macaca mulatta )
Author(s) -
Alçin E.,
Sahu A.,
Ramaswamy S.,
Hutz E. D.,
Keen K. L.,
Terasawa E.,
Bethea C. L.,
Plant T. M.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of neuroendocrinology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.062
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1365-2826
pISSN - 0953-8194
DOI - 10.1111/jne.12025
Subject(s) - kisspeptin , endocrinology , medicine , arcuate nucleus , hypothalamus , biology , arc (geometry) , luteal phase , hormone , geometry , mathematics
Tonic gonadotrophin secretion throughout the menstrual cycle is regulated by the negative‐feedback actions of ovarian oestradiol ( E 2 ) and progesterone. Although kisspeptin neurones in the arcuate nucleus ( ARC ) of the hypothalamus appear to play a major role in mediating these feedback actions of the steroids in nonprimate species, this issue has been less well studied in the monkey. In the present study, we used immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation to examine kisspeptin and KISS 1 expression, respectively, in the mediobasal hypothalamus ( MBH ) of adult ovariectomised ( OVX ) rhesus monkeys. We also examined kisspeptin expression in the MBH of ovarian intact females, and the effect of E 2 , progesterone and E 2 + progesterone replacement on KISS 1 expression in OVX animals. K isspeptin or KISS 1 expressing neurones and pronounced kisspeptin fibres were readily identified throughout the ARC of ovariectomised monkeys but, on the other hand, in intact animals, kisspeptin cell bodies were small in size and number and only fine fibres were observed. Replacement of OVX monkeys with physiological levels of E 2 , either alone or with luteal phase levels of progesterone , abolished KISS 1 expression in the ARC . Interestingly, progesterone replacement alone for 14 days also resulted in a significant down‐regulation of KISS 1 expression. These findings support the view that, in primates, as in rodents and sheep, kisspeptin signalling in ARC neurones appears to play an important role in mediating the negative‐feedback action of E 2 on gonadotrophin secretion, and also indicate the need to study further their regulation by progesterone .