Premium
Exploring the factors underlying remyelination arrest by studying the post‐transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of cystatin F gene
Author(s) -
Li Jiayi,
Durose Wilaiwan Wisessmith,
Ito Junko,
Kakita Akiyoshi,
Iguchi Yohei,
Katsuno Masahisa,
Kunisawa Kazuo,
Shimizu Takeshi,
Ikenaka Kazuhiro
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/jnc.15190
Subject(s) - remyelination , cystatin c , proteolipid protein 1 , cystatin , messenger rna , biology , gene expression , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , regulation of gene expression , genetically modified mouse , transgene , myelin , genetics , myelin basic protein , endocrinology , central nervous system , renal function
Remyelination plays an important role in determining the fate of demyelinating disorders. However, it is arrested during chronic disease states. Cystatin F, a papain‐like lysosomal cysteine proteinase inhibitor, is a crucial regulator of demyelination and remyelination. Using hemizygous proteolipid protein transgenic 4e ( PLP 4e/‐ ) mice, an animal model of chronic demyelination, we found that cystatin F mRNA expression was induced at 2.5 months of age and up‐regulated in the early phase of demyelination, but significantly decreased in the chronic phase. We next investigated cystatin F regulatory factors as potential mechanisms of remyelination arrest in chronic demyelinating disorders. We used the CysF‐STOP‐tetO::Iba‐mtTA mouse model, in which cystatin F gene expression is driven by the tetracycline operator. Interestingly, we found that forced cystatin F mRNA over‐expression was eventually decreased. Our findings show that cystatin F expression is modulated post‐transcriptionally. We next identified embryonic lethal, abnormal vision, drosophila like RNA‐binding protein 1 (ELAVL‐1), and miR29a as cystatin F mRNA stabilizing and destabilizing factors, respectively. These roles were confirmed in vitro in NIH3T3 cells. Using postmortem plaque samples from human multiple sclerosis patients, we also confirmed that ELAVL‐1 expression was highly correlated with the previously reported expression pattern of cystatin F. These data indicate the important roles of ELAVL‐1 and miR29a in regulating cystatin F expression. Furthermore, they provide new insights into potential therapeutic targets for demyelinating disorders.