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Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of exosomes in Alzheimer’s disease
Author(s) -
Soares Martins Tânia,
Trindade Dário,
Vaz Margarida,
Campelo Inês,
Almeida Martim,
Trigo Guilherme,
da Cruz e Silva Odete A. B.,
Henriques Ana Gabriela
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/jnc.15112
Subject(s) - microvesicles , disease , biomarker , exosome , extracellular vesicles , alzheimer's disease , diagnostic biomarker , microrna , pathogenesis , medicine , biomarker discovery , neuroscience , biology , bioinformatics , pathology , proteomics , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , genetics
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles released by almost all cell types in physiological and pathological conditions. The exosomal potential to unravel disease mechanisms, or to be used as a source of biomarkers, is being explored, in particularly in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the world and exosomes appear to have a relevant role in disease pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on exosome contributions to AD as well as their use as disease biomarker resources or therapeutic targets. The most recent findings with respect to both protein and miRNA biomarker candidates for AD, herein described, highlight the state of the art in this field and encourage the use of exosomes derived from biofluids in clinical practice in the near future.