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Plant‐based, adjuvant‐free, potent multivalent vaccines for avian influenza virus via Lactococcus surface display
Author(s) -
Song ShiJian,
Shin GyeongIm,
Noh Jinyong,
Lee Jiho,
Kim DeokHwan,
Ryu Gyeongryul,
Ahn Gyeongik,
Jeon Hyungmin,
Diao HaiPing,
Park Youngmin,
Kim Min Gab,
Kim WoeYeon,
Kim YoungJin,
Sohn EunJu,
Song Chang Seon,
Hwang Inhwan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of integrative plant biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.734
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1744-7909
pISSN - 1672-9072
DOI - 10.1111/jipb.13141
Subject(s) - immunogenicity , adjuvant , virology , antigen , virus , vaccination , immune system , biology , influenza a virus subtype h5n1 , biosafety , microbiology and biotechnology , lactococcus lactis , diva , bacteria , immunology , lactic acid , genetics
Influenza epidemics frequently and unpredictably break out all over the world, and seriously affect the breeding industry and human activity. Inactivated and live attenuated viruses have been used as protective vaccines but exhibit high risks for biosafety. Subunit vaccines enjoy high biosafety and specificity but have a few weak points compared to inactivated virus or live attenuated virus vaccines, especially in low immunogenicity. In this study, we developed a new subunit vaccine platform for a potent, adjuvant‐free, and multivalent vaccination. The ectodomains of hemagglutinins (HAs) of influenza viruses were expressed in plants as trimers (tHAs) to mimic their native forms. tHAs in plant extracts were directly used without purification for binding to inactivated Lactococcus (iLact) to produce iLact‐tHAs, an antigen‐carrying bacteria‐like particle (BLP). tHAs BLP showed strong immune responses in mice and chickens without adjuvants. Moreover, simultaneous injection of two different antigens by two different formulas, tHA H5N6 + H9N2 BLP or a combination of tHA H5N6 BLP and tHA H9N2 BLP, led to strong immune responses to both antigens. Based on these results, we propose combinations of plant‐based antigen production and BLP‐based delivery as a highly potent and cost‐effective platform for multivalent vaccination for subunit vaccines.