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Transport of chemical signals in systemic acquired resistance
Author(s) -
Singh Archana,
Lim GahHyun,
Kachroo Pradeep
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of integrative plant biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.734
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1744-7909
pISSN - 1672-9072
DOI - 10.1111/jipb.12537
Subject(s) - apoplast , systemic acquired resistance , symplast , salicylic acid , nitric oxide , reactive oxygen species , plasmodesma , chemistry , gating , biochemistry , phloem , biophysics , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , cell , cell wall , organic chemistry , arabidopsis , mutant , gene
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of broad‐spectrum resistance induced in response to local infections that protects uninfected parts against subsequent secondary infections by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR signaling requires two parallel branches, one regulated by salicylic acid (SA), and the other by azelaic acid (AzA) and glycerol‐3‐phosphate (G3P). AzA and G3P function downstream of the free radicals nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). During SAR, SA, AzA and G3P accumulate in the infected leaves, but only a small portion of these is transported to distal uninfected leaves. SA is preferentially transported via the apoplast, whereas phloem loading of AzA and G3P occurs via the symplast. The symplastic transport of AzA and G3P is regulated by gating of the plasmodesmata (PD). The PD localizing proteins, PDLP1 and PDLP5, regulate SAR by regulating PD gating as well as the subcellular partitioning of a SAR‐associated protein.