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Body composition of obese adolescents: association between adiposity indicators and cardiometabolic risk factors
Author(s) -
Araújo A. J. S.,
Santos A. C. O.,
Prado W. L.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of human nutrition and dietetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.951
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1365-277X
pISSN - 0952-3871
DOI - 10.1111/jhn.12414
Subject(s) - medicine , obesity , association (psychology) , composition (language) , body mass index , environmental health , philosophy , linguistics , epistemology
Background The association between obesity during adolescence and the increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases indicates the need to identify reproducible and cost effective methods for identifying individuals who are at increased risk of developing diseases. The present cross‐sectional study investigated the occurrence of metabolic consequences of obesity in adolescents and the use of adiposity indicators as predictors of cardiometabolic risk. Methods A fasting blood sample was taken in 93 pubertal obese adolescents aged 13–18 years old (39 males, 54 females) for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk markers (glucose, lipid profiles, insulin resistence, and inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers). Together with anthropometry, total fat mass and lean mass were determined by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry ( DXA ). Results The prevalence of dyslipidaemia and disorders in glucose metabolism are noticeably higher in the present study. There was no correlation between the percentage of body fat according to DXA and most indicators of adiposity. For boys, the arm circumference values predicted the increase in fasting insulin ( r ² = 0.200), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( r ² = 0.267) and cardiometabolic risk score ( r ² = 0.338). The percentage of body fat according to DXA predicted the inflammation score ( r ² = 0.172). For girls, body mass index was the parameter that best described the variability of fasting insulin ( r ² = 0.079) and inflammation score ( r ² = 0.263). The waist‐to‐stature ratio was able to predict the triglyceride values ( r ² = 0.090). Conclusions Anthropometric measures of adiposity, such a body mass index , waist‐to‐stature ratio , arm circumference and waist circumference,should be considered in the clinical evaluation of obese adolescents.