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Three‐Year Changes in Physical Activity and Decline in Physical Performance Over 9 Years of Follow‐Up in Older Adults: The Invecchiare in Chianti Study
Author(s) -
MartinezGomez David,
Bandinelli Stefania,
DelPanta Vieri,
Patel Kushang V.,
Guralnik Jack M.,
Ferrucci Luigi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/jgs.14788
Subject(s) - medicine , confidence interval , geriatric depression scale , depression (economics) , body mass index , physical activity , osteoarthritis , physical therapy , gerontology , stroke (engine) , depressive symptoms , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , mechanical engineering , alternative medicine , pathology , engineering , economics , macroeconomics
Objectives To examine the associations between cumulative physical activity ( PA ) and its changes over 3 years and changes over 9 years of follow‐up in physical performance in older adults. Design Longitudinal. Setting Community‐based. Participants Men and women aged 65 and older from the Invecchiare in Chianti study (N = 782). Measurements Physical performance was assessed at baseline and at 3‐, 6‐, and 9‐year follow‐up using the Short Physical Performance Battery ( SPPB ). PA was assessed through an interviewer‐administered questionnaire at baseline and 3‐year follow‐up. Analyses were adjusted for education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol intake, coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, cancer, lung disease, lower extremity osteoarthritis, depression, and Mini‐Mental State Examination. Results Over 3 years of follow‐up, 27.8% of participants were inactive, 52.2% were minimally active, and 20.0% were active, and the PA of 37.2% decreased, there was no change in PA of 50.1% and the PA of 12.7% increased. After adjustment for potential covariates, being mostly active (−1.08, 95% confidence interval ( CI ) = −1.43 to −0.73) and minimally active (−1.33, 95% CI = −1.53 to −1.12) over 3 years of follow‐up was associated with less decline in SPPB score than being mostly inactive (−2.60, 95% CI = −2.92 to −2.27). When analyzing changes, increasing PA (−0.57, 95% CI = −1.01 to −0.12) was associated with less decline in SPPB score over 9 years than decreasing PA (−2.16, 95% CI = −2.42 to −1.89). Conclusion Maintaining or increasing PA levels may attenuate age‐associated physical performance decline.