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Frailty Status Can Predict Further Lean Body Mass Decline in Older Adults
Author(s) -
Jung HeeWon,
Kim SunWook,
Lim JaeYoung,
Kim KiWoong,
Jang Hak Chul,
Kim CheolHo,
Kim Kwangil
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/jgs.13107
Subject(s) - medicine , confidence interval , lean body mass , body mass index , observational study , gerontology , prospective cohort study , cohort study , cohort , demography , sarcopenia , body weight , sociology
Objectives To assess whether frailty is a risk factor for skeletal muscle mass decline in community‐dwelling elderly people. Design Prospective observational cohort study. Setting Seongnam, Gyeongi Province, Korea. Participants Community‐dwelling Koreans aged 65 and older (n = 341). Measurements Bioimpedance analysis ( BIA ) was used to measure body composition at baseline and 5 years later. Laboratory examination and comprehensive geriatric assessment were performed at both times. Lean mass index ( LMI ) was defined as total body lean mass/height 2 . A decrease of more than 5% in the LMI was considered to be significant. Frailty status was defined using the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Results LMI decline occurred in 196 (54.1%) subjects during the follow‐up period (5.0 ± 0.7 years). Baseline LMI was highest in robust (17.6 ± 1.8 kg/m 2 , n = 126), lower prefrail (17.0 ± 1.7 kg/m 2 , n = 185), and lowest in frail (16.7 ± 1.3 kg/m 2 , n = 30) subjects ( P < .001). Frailty status was associated with LMI decline at 5‐year follow‐up (robust 0.81 ± 0.78 kg/m 2 , prefrail 1.00 ± 0.92 kg/m 2 , frail 1.35 ± 0.85 kg/m 2 , P < .001). This effect of frailty on LMI decline persisted after adjusting for covariables ( P = .02). The risk of significant LMI decline was 2.9 times as great in frail elderly adults as in those who were robust even after adjusting for covariates (95% confidence interval = 1.01–8.55). Conclusion Frailty status was found to be independently associated with subsequent LMI decline in community‐dwelling older adults.