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Change in Inflammatory Markers and Cognitive Status in the Oldest‐Old Women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
Author(s) -
Metti Andrea L.,
Yaffe Kristine,
Boudreau Robert M.,
Ganguli Mary,
Lopez Oscar L.,
Stone Katie L.,
Cauley Jane A.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/jgs.12739
Subject(s) - medicine , dementia , odds ratio , cohort , confidence interval , gerontology , cohort study , cognitive decline , disease
Objectives To determine the association between interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐6 soluble receptor (sR), and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor‐1 (sTNF‐R1) and cognitive status in the oldest‐old women. Design Twenty‐year longitudinal cohort study. Setting Four clinical sites in the United States. Participants Women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (N = 905; mean age 88.3 ± 2.8 at cognitive status adjudication). Measurements At Year 20, cognitive status was adjudicated as normal, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia. Inflammatory markers were measured from blood serum at Years 10 and 16 in a random sample of women. Results Over 10 years, 199 (22.0%) women developed MCI and 145 (16.0%) dementia. There were no significant associations between IL‐6 or sTNF‐R1 and cognitive status. High IL‐6‐sR (≥37,401.36 pg/mL, highest tertile) at Year 16 was significantly associated with lower risk of dementia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.97) than in women with lower levels (<37,401.36 pg/mL, lower two tertiles). Women with high IL‐6‐sR at both time points (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.17–0.89) or who transitioned to a high level (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14–0.88) had a lower risk of dementia. Conclusion In this cohort of white, high‐functioning oldest‐old women, a consistently high or an increasing level of IL‐6‐sR was associated with lower risk of dementia. Compared with other studies of younger‐old adults, this suggests that the effect of inflammation on dementia may differ in younger‐old and the oldest‐old individuals. Understanding these differences will be crucial in interpreting results from ongoing clinical trials and in targeting therapeutic strategies to the oldest‐old individuals.