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Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Association with Functional Status in Newly Admitted Male Veteran Nursing Home Residents
Author(s) -
Kojima Gotaro,
Tamai Anna,
Masaki Kamal,
Gatchell Gregory,
Epure James,
China Craig,
Ross G. Webster,
Petrovitch Helen,
Tanabe Marianne
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/jgs.12495
Subject(s) - medicine , toileting , diabetes mellitus , bathing , vitamin d deficiency , odds ratio , activities of daily living , logistic regression , body mass index , vitamin d and neurology , gerontology , physical therapy , pediatrics , endocrinology , pathology
Objectives To provide the first report on prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in newly admitted nursing home ( NH ) residents and associations with functional disabilities and chronic diseases. Design Retrospective chart review. Setting Nursing home ( NH ). Participants Male veterans newly admitted to a NH for rehabilitation, skilled‐nursing care, intermediate care, or respite care between January 2011 and June 2012. Measurements Total serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured on admission. Vitamin D supplement users and those without 25(OH)D measurement within 7 days of admission were excluded, leaving an analytical sample of 104 residents. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D less than 20 ng/ mL . Data were collected on age, ethnicity, season, body mass index (BMI), functional disability in activities of daily living (ADLs) (mobility, bathing, dressing, toileting, continence, and feeding), and prevalent chronic diseases. Results Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 49.0%. In multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, ethnicity, and BMI , vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with number of ADL disabilities (odds ratio ( OR ) = 1.4 for each 1‐point increase in ADL disability score, P = .03) and prevalent diabetes mellitus ( OR = 3.0, P = .03). In regression models using each ADL disability as a separate variable, only disability in feeding ( OR = 4.7, P = .05) and diabetes mellitus ( OR = 2.9, P = .04) remained significant. Conclusion Almost half the individuals entering the NH and not taking vitamin D supplements had vitamin D deficiency. Greater number of ADL disabilities, disability in feeding, and prevalent diabetes mellitus were independently associated with vitamin D deficiency.