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Prevalence of the pathobiont adherent‐invasive Escherichia coli and inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Nadalian Banafsheh,
Yadegar Abbas,
Houri Hamidreza,
Olfatifar Meysam,
Shahrokh Shabnam,
Asadzadeh Aghdaei Hamid,
Suzuki Hidekazu,
Zali Mohammad Reza
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.214
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1440-1746
pISSN - 0815-9319
DOI - 10.1111/jgh.15260
Subject(s) - meta analysis , odds ratio , confidence interval , inflammatory bowel disease , ulcerative colitis , medicine , disease , crohn's disease , gastroenterology , escherichia coli , prevalence , immunology , epidemiology , biology , gene , biochemistry
Background and Aim Escherichia coli pathobionts and particularly the adherent‐invasive E. coli (AIEC) may play a putative role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the intestinal tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by providing stimulatory factors that trigger gut immune system activation. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the prevalence of AIEC among patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods Electronic databases were searched up to February 2020 for relevant publications reporting the prevalence of AIEC in IBD patients. The prevalence rate of AIEC among CD and UC patients, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated compared to non‐IBD controls. Results The final dataset included 12 studies, all investigating AIEC isolates from ileal/colonic specimens. The OR for prevalence of AIEC in CD patients was 3.27 (95% CI 1.79–5.9) compared with non‐IBD controls. The overall pooled prevalence of AIEC among CD patients was 29% (95% CI 0.17–0.45), whereas this prevalence was calculated to be 9% (95% CI 0.03–0.19) in controls. Moreover, the prevalence of AIEC in UC subjects was calculated 12% (95% CI 0.01–0.34), while AIEC showed a prevalence of 5% (95% CI 0.0–0.17) among the controls. The OR for prevalence of AIEC in UC patients was 2.82 (95% CI 1.11–7.14) compared with controls. Conclusions There is a substantial increase in the prevalence of AIEC in IBD patients compared with controls. This review supports the growing evidence that AIEC could be involved in both CD and UC pathogenesis.