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Short bowel syndrome (SBS)‐associated alterations within the gut‐liver axis evolve early and persist long‐term in the piglet model of short bowel syndrome
Author(s) -
PereiraFantini Prue M,
Bines Julie E,
Lapthorne Susan,
Fouhy Fiona,
Scurr Michelle,
Cotter Paul D,
Gahan Cormac GM,
Joyce Susan A
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.214
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1440-1746
pISSN - 0815-9319
DOI - 10.1111/jgh.13383
Subject(s) - bile acid , gastroenterology , short bowel syndrome , medicine , gut flora , enterohepatic circulation , feces , malabsorption , diarrhea , chenodeoxycholic acid , bacterial overgrowth , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , parenteral nutrition , immunology
Background and Aim Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is primarily characterized by malabsorption and malnutrition, resulting from loss of intestinal absorptive area following massive small bowel resection (SBR). Bile acids and the gut microbiota are functionally linked within the gut‐liver axis; however, SBS‐associated disturbances within the gut‐liver axis remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to characterize the evolution of bile acid alterations within the gut‐liver axis at both short‐term and long‐term time points and to relate these changes to alterations in colonic bacterial composition. Methods Four‐week‐old piglets were assigned to 75% SBR, sham‐operation or non‐operation control groups. High throughput sequencing was employed to determine bacterial abundance in colonic content and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography used to determine the bile acid concentration of gall bladder, portal serum, and fecal samples. Results Bile acid complexity and relative abundance are altered in the SBS piglet model at two weeks post‐SBR, and these changes persisted at six weeks post‐SBR. Our examination of the microbial profile revealed an early and persistent loss in bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order. Conclusions This study provides evidence of an early and persistent disturbance of the bile acid profile throughout the entero‐hepatic circulation with an increase in the proportion of primary bile acids and a decrease in secondary bile acids following SBR. These changes were associated with a loss of bacteria belonging to the Clostridiales order consistent with a disturbance in the bile‐microbial axis following SBR.