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Oral microbiome composition changes in mouse models of colitis
Author(s) -
Rautava Jaana,
Pinnell Lee J,
Vong Linda,
Akseer Nadia,
Assa Amit,
Sherman Philip M
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.214
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1440-1746
pISSN - 0815-9319
DOI - 10.1111/jgh.12713
Subject(s) - colitis , saliva , microbiome , dysbiosis , oral microbiome , medicine , ulcerative colitis , tongue , microbiology and biotechnology , inflammatory bowel disease , immunology , gut flora , biology , pathology , disease , bioinformatics
Background and Aim Oral mucosal pathologies are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD ). Since host–microbiome interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD , in this study the potential for changes affecting the oral microbiome was evaluated using two complementary mouse models of colitis: either chemically (dextran sulfate sodium) or with C itrobacter rodentium infection. Methods After sacrifice, the tongue, buccal mucosa, saliva, colon, and stool samples were collected for analyses. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was performed to assess bacterial 16 S rRNA gene profiles. Relative changes were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis for the phyla B acteroidetes, F irmicutes, S pirochetes, and A ctinobacteria, classes G ammaproteobacteria and B etaproteobacteria, and the genera B acillus and L actobacillus . These groups represent over 99% of the oral microbiota of healthy C 57 BL /6 mice. Results Both models of colitis changed the oral microbiome, with the buccal microbiome being the most resistant to alterations in composition (maximum 1.8% change, vs tongue maximum 2.5% change, and saliva which demonstrated up to 7.2% total changes in microbiota composition). Changes in the oral microbiota were greater after dextran sulfate sodium challenge, compared with C . rodentium ‐induced colitis. Using cluster analysis, tongue and buccal mucosal microbiota composition changed ∼ 5%, saliva ∼ 35%, while stool changed ∼ 10%. Conclusion These findings indicate that dysbiosis observed in murine models of colitis is associated with changes in the composition of bacteria present in the oral cavity and in saliva. Such changes in the oral microbiota could be relevant to the etiology and management of oral mucosal pathologies observed in IBD patients.