Premium
Formulation and evaluation of a supplementary food ( Panjiri ) using wheat and flaxseed flour composites: Micronutrients, antioxidants, and heavy metals content
Author(s) -
Karwasra Brij Lal,
Kaur Maninder,
Sandhu Kawaljit Singh,
Siroha Anil Kumar,
Gill Balmeet Singh
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of food processing and preservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.511
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1745-4549
pISSN - 0145-8892
DOI - 10.1111/jfpp.14998
Subject(s) - food science , micronutrient , wheat flour , fortification , chemistry , dietary fiber , organic chemistry
In the present study, wheat flour was blended with varying proportions of flaxseed flour (0%–25%) for the formulation of supplementary food ( Panjiri ) with better nutritional characteristics. This will also add variety to supplementary foods being given to malnourished children. The ash, fat, protein, and fiber contents of Panjiri made from flour composites were 0.82–1.27, 1.60–8.32, 8.76–9.81, and 1.18%–2.54%, respectively. Nutritional components enhanced significantly ( p ≤ .05) with increasing addition of flaxseed flour and Panjiries became darker in color with decreased yellowness. Zn and Cu concentration increased with an increase in flaxseed flour in Panjiri . Heavy metals (Cr and Cd) were detected in very low concentrations. Antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic and total flavonoids contents of Panjiries ranged between 14.73%–21.08%, 982–1,259.11 µg AAE/g, 205.45–452.73 µg FAE/g, and 17.95–448.72 µg CE/g, respectively. Sensory evaluation scores revealed that flaxseed flour can be incorporated upto 15% in Panjiri to achieve better nutritional attributes and good acceptability scores. Practical applications Supplementary food is necessary to overcome malnutrition and related complications. Many types of supplementary foods, which are available are quite expensive and the parents belonging to middle and lower income groups are unable to afford them. Hence, children in these families have to consume the foods that adults eat. Preparation of supplementary foods such as Panjiri on home‐scale provides a better option in combating malnutrition problems. These foods may be formulated with oilseeds (flaxseed), which can enhance their nutritional qualities to desired levels. The nutraceutical components found in different cereals and oilseeds might be helpful in curing chronic health problems and other related co‐morbidities. In addition, home‐scale formulations of Panjiri can also be easily afforded by middle class and low‐income families.