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In vivo mechanism of action of matrix metalloprotease (MMP) in the autolysis of sea cucumber ( Stichopus japonicus )
Author(s) -
Liu Ziqiang,
Zhou Dayong,
Liu Yuxin,
Liu Xiaoyang,
Liu Yan,
Liu Bing,
Song Liang,
Shahidi Fereidoon
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of food processing and preservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.511
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1745-4549
pISSN - 0145-8892
DOI - 10.1111/jfpp.14383
Subject(s) - autolysis (biology) , sea cucumber , matrix metalloproteinase , in vivo , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , proteoglycan , biochemistry , biology , biophysics , extracellular matrix , enzyme , ecology
Matrix metalloprotease (MMP) is the key endogenous protease that boosts the autolysis of sea cucumber, while its action and mechanism in vivo are still unclear. MMP inhibitor (1,10‐phenanthroline) was injected into coelomic cavity of sea cucumber ( Stichopus japonicus ) and its effects on autolysis and mechanism of action were investigated for the first time by using scanning electron microscopy, multi‐functional in vivo imaging system, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In response to external stimuli, the level of Ca 2+ in live sea cucumber dermis increased, which may activate MMP activity. MMP inhibitor could diffuse from coelomic cavity into body wall and significantly prevented the activation of MMP by chelating Ca 2+ , and thus, retarded the autolysis of fresh sea cucumber by preventing degradation of interfibrillar proteoglycan bridges between adjacent collagen fibrils. This work provides information toward understanding the mechanism behind the sea cucumber autolysis and demonstrate a potential approach to prevent the autolysis. Practical applications Autolysis occurs in sea cucumber in response to external stimulation. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) has been found to be the key endogenous protease that boosts the autolysis of sea cucumber body wall (SCBW). However, the role of MMP in the autolysis of SCBW in vivo and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, MMP inhibitor (1,10‐phenanthroline) was injected into the body cavity of live sea cucumber, and its effects on in situ changes in SCBW were studied. Our results indicated that the activity of endogenous MMP in live SCBW was activated in response to external stimulation, which may be responsible for the autolysis. After injection into coelomic cavity, MMP inhibitor could diffuse into SCBW and significantly reduced the progress of typical morphological and microstructural changes of autolytic sea cucumber. Through chelating Ca 2+ , the MMP inhibitor could prevent the activation of MMP, and thus reduced the autolysis of fresh sea cucumber.