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C itrus monstruosa Discrimination among Several C itrus Species by Multivariate Analysis of Volatiles: A Metabolomic Approach
Author(s) -
Petretto Giacomo Luigi,
Sarais Giorgia,
Maldini Maria Teresa,
Foddai Marzia,
Tirillini Bruno,
Rourke Jonathan P.,
Chessa Mario,
Pintore Giorgio
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of food processing and preservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.511
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1745-4549
pISSN - 0145-8892
DOI - 10.1111/jfpp.12674
Subject(s) - rutaceae , chemometrics , limonene , principal component analysis , metabolomics , citrus × sinensis , chemistry , botany , chromatography , biology , food science , orange (colour) , essential oil , mathematics , statistics
The origin and taxonomy of C itrus monstruosa ( R utaceae) are currently unknown and thus a nontargeted metabolomic analysis on the flavedo volatiles was performed. Headspace solid‐phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography analysis was applied to eight C itrus spp. including Citrus monstruosa , and the chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds ( VOC ) was analyzed to give a chemical comparison between different C itrus species. Forty‐four metabolites were detected across the species: several monoterpenes were found in all C itrus spp. and among them limonene comes first in all C itrus spp. ranging from 96.7 to 66.7%. Conversely, some molecules were found to be specific for only a few of the samples. The classical univariate evaluation of the VOC data is unlikely to give objective data for the cultivar classification; a multivariate approach, principal component analysis, is an easy to use, powerful tool. Therefore, a chemometric comparison between chromatographic data of all C itrus spp. was performed with the aim of understanding the role of VOC in the discrimination of the eight studied cultivars. Practical Application A chemometrics' method was applied on the volatiles of eight C itrus spp. including C itrus monstruosa . Results were used to discriminate and classify C . monstruosa from several other C itrus spp. This method may also be used to discriminate other C itrus spp. as well as being applied to the volatiles‐based classification of other botanicals.