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Effects of Superheated Steam Fluidized Bed Drying on the Quality of Parboiled Germinated Brown Rice
Author(s) -
Cheevitsopon Ekkapong,
Noomhorm Athapol
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of food processing and preservation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.511
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1745-4549
pISSN - 0145-8892
DOI - 10.1111/jfpp.12239
Subject(s) - superheated steam , water content , chemistry , germination , fluidized bed , moisture , dehydration , superheating , food science , steam explosion , pulp and paper industry , horticulture , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry , physics , geotechnical engineering , engineering , condensed matter physics
The parboiled germinated brown rice ( PGBR ) was produced using a superheated steam fluidized bed dryer. Grains with an initial moisture content of 58.16 ± 0.25% dry basis (d.b.) were steamed and dried in a single stage at steam temperatures of 110–150 C . After superheated steam drying, grains were tempered for 2 h and then ventilated with ambient air until the moisture content reached 16% d.b. as two‐stage drying. During superheated steam drying, the results revealed that moisture content, white belly and γ‐aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) content significantly decreased with increasing drying temperature and time, whereas internal fissuring, yellowness and peak viscosity increased. The moisture content of grains after drying should be no lower than 19.19–22.00% d.b. to prevent internal fissuring of grains. Two‐stage drying resulted in better quality grains and prevented GABA content reduction. In addition, the cooking quality of PGBR differed significantly from that of germinated brown rice ( GBR ) because of starch gelatinization in PGBR . Practical Applications PGBR is a functional food. The superheated steam fluidized bed drying can be used to produce PGBR . In the dryer, the grains were steamed and dried as a single state to reduce the number of operating steps. Results of this research revealed the effects of superheated steam drying on the quality of PGBR . The superheated steam fluidized bed drying represents a good practice in the production of PGBR with high GABA content.